Brainfuck XP 
Compiler for a simple imperative language with brainfuck backend
Version:
1.0
License:
Programming Language:
Jolt
Repository:
Overview
Brainfuck XP is
- a simple imperative programming language with C-like syntax and
- a compiler that compiles Brainfuck XP source code to brainfuck.
By using Brainfuck XP it is possible to implement complex brainfuck programs without having to deal with low level operations like pointer move instructions.
Brainfuck XP is implemented in Jolt2 which is the function language of COLA. The Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) and syntax macros in Jolt2 made the implementation of Brainfuck XP relatively easy.
Installation
Setting up COLA
Download the latest version of COLA from subversion repository
$ svn co http://piumarta.com/svn2/idst/trunk idst
Compile COLA by executing make in the root dictionary. You need
some programs like make, gcc and header files installed.
$ ls
doc function Makefile object README system
$ make
Setting up Brainfuck XP
You can obtain the last version from git repository
$ git clone git://gitorious.org/bfxp/bfxp.git
Modify the Makefile to point to the Jolt2 executable.
JOLT2 = /path/to/your/cola/installation*/function/jolt2*
...
Running the examples
There are some examples provided. You can run them by executing
$ make test
$ make fib
...
Running your own Brainfuck XP programs
The best way to run your programs is to write a Makefile in the same manner as the provided Makefile.
Beware that every Brainfuck XP source file must start with the following line:
{ bfxp-program } # source comes here ...
Language Reference
Comments
Everthing written behind a hash symbol (#) is a comment and will be ignored.
Literals
There are two literals:
- Numbers
- are expected in decimal format without leading minus, fractions or scientific notation.
- Examples: 0, 2, 4, 23
- Characters
- consists of single characters enclosed in single quotation marks.
- The special escape sequences are \n, \r and \t
- Examples: 'a', 'Z', '\n'
Variables
Variable identifiers must start with a letter followed by zero or more alphanumerical characters.
Examples: i, number, rt23
Variables must be declared prior to usage. Brainfuck XP is weak, statically typed and supports only two types:
- Bytes
- Bytes are treated as positive integer values, but the actual size of the integer depends on the underlying brainfuck implementation.
- Example:
byte b; - Arrays
- Arrays must be statically allocated and only bytes are allowed as elements. The elements can be accessed by using square brackets
- Example:
byte[3] array;
Operators
- "+" (Plus)
- Adds the two bytes
- Example:
i + 3 - "-" (Minus)
- Subtracts the second byte from the first one
- Example:
i - 1 - "==" (Equals)
- Compares two bytes and returns true if these are equal
- Example:
i == 0 - "!=" (Not equals)
- Compares two bytes and returns true if these are not equal
- Example:
i != 0 - "=" (Assign)
- Only valid if left side is a variable.
- Stores the value on the right side in the variable on the left side.
- Example:
e = 3 - "+=" (Assign add)
- Only valid if left side is a variable.
- Adds two bytes and stores the result in the variable on the left side.
- Example:
i += 1 - "-=" (Assign sub)
- Only valid if left side is a variable.
- Subtracts the value on the right side from the variable on the left side.
- Example:
i -= 2
Statements
A Brainfuck XP program consists of statements. Each statement ends with a semicolon except for the if-then-else and the while statement.
- Declaration
- Declares type and name of a variable. Ends with a semicolon.
- Example:
byte i; - Simple Statement
- Executes a line of code. Ends with a semicolon.
- Example:
i = 1; - If-then-Else
- There are two different forms:
- 1.
if (EXPRESSION) { STATEMENTS* } - 2.
if (EXPRESSION) { STATEMENTS* } else { STATEMENTS* } - Example:
if (i == 2) { puti(3); } - While loop
while (EXPRESSION) { STATEMENTS* }- Example:
while (i != 4) { i += 2; }
Built-in functions
There are three built-in functions in Brainfuck XP.
byte getc()- Reads and returns a character from the standard input.
- Example:
c = getc(); void putc(byte c)- Write the character c to the standard output.
- Example:
putc('.'); void puti(byte i)- Write the decimal representation of i to the standard output.
- Works only for values between 0 and 9.
- Example:
puti(6);
Examples
This simple program saves the integer "8" in a variable and prints it.
{ bfxp-program } byte a; a=8; puti(a); # prints 8
The generated brainfuck source looks like this:
>>>>>>+<[-]++++++++>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-] <-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]>>[-] <<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>> >><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[-> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.------------------------------ ------------------
The next program demonstrates array handling.
{ bfxp-program } byte[2] a; byte t; a[0]=1; a[1]=8; t = a[0]; puti(a[t]); # prints 8
And here comes the brainfuck source:
>>>>>>+<[-]+<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>][-]>>[-]<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<] >>>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+> ]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]++++++++<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<< <+>>>>][-]+>>[-]<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<] +>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]> >]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>][-]>>[-]<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<< <<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+< <<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<] >>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-] ++<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+> ]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[- ]++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<< +>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>> [->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<< [->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>> +<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<- [+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[ +<<-]+<]<[->+<]>++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.---- --------------------------------------------
This example is a little longer and includes expressions, math operations and conditional execution.
{ bfxp-program } byte a; byte b; a = 4 + 5; b = a - 6 + 2; puti(b); # prints 5 if (b == 5) { puti(1); # prints 1 } else { puti(2); } if (b != 3) { puti(9); # prints 9 }
The generated brainfuck source code is quite long.
>>>>>>+<[-]++++[-<<<+>>>][-]+++++<<<[->>>+<<<]>>>>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>]<[ ->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[ -[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]++++++<<<[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]> >>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>] <[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]< [->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<[->>>-<<<]>>>[-<<< +>>>][-]++<<<[->>>+<<<]>>>>>[-]+<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<- ]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-] +<]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<< -]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>> +<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>+ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.--------------------- ---------------------------<<<[-]>>>>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[-> +<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[ -[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[- [>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]+++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+ >[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++.------------------------------------------------[-]<[-]> ]<[[-]>[-]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.-------- ----------------------------------------[-]<[-]]>[-]+++<<<[-]>>>[-<<< +>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+ <<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+< >>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<] ><<<[->>>-<<<]>>><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++.------------------------------------------------ [-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]>
Brainfuck Interpreter
The examples directory includes some example Brainfuck XP programs. One of these programs is a brainfuck interpreter. By applying Brainfuck XP to the program, a brainfuck interpreter written in brainfuck is generated.
$ make brainfuck/brainfuck-mini.bf
...
This brainfuck interpreter can be used to execute the "Hello World" brainfuck script in etc/hello.bf.
$ make bf
.../idst/function/jolt2/main .../idst/function/jolt2/boot.k \\
src/brainfuck-exec16.k src/bfxp.k src/bfxp-grammar.k \\
brainfuck/brainfuck-mini.bfxp < etc/hello.bf
; loading: boot.k
Hello World!
To interpret a tiny brainfuck script with the brainfuck interpreter being executed by again by a brainfuck interpreter, run this command (warning, this will take very long):
$ make bfbf
...
Brainfuck source code of the brainfuck interpreter
>>>>>>+<,>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+< [->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-< +>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+ <<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+< <]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<[->>>-<<<]>>>[>>[-]<<[-]<<[ -]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-< +>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+ >]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+ >>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+ <<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+< >>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<] >>>[-]<<<<<<<+++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[ ->>>>+<<<<]>>>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[ ->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]+>>[-]+<<[->> <->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<],>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>] <[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+> >[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<< <[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<- ]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<< -]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<- ]+<]<[->+<]><<<[->>>-<<<]>>>][-]+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ <<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[- [>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]> ]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+ <-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<+++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>> >++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-] >>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+ <][-]>>[-]+<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[-> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+ >>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+ <<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+< >>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<] >>>[-]<<<<<<<+++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[ ->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<- [+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[-> +<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+ <]>>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><- >[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++<<<[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[- >+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>> [-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[ -[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<[->>>-<<<]>>>[<<<[-]>>>>>[-]<<[-] <<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><-> [-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[ -<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]] <[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+++++<<[-]<<[-]>> >><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]< [->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[ ->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++++++++++ ++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<< ]>>>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]< [[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-]>>>>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[ >>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>] <-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+< -[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+<<<<[-]>>> >[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+++++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<< -]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+< <-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<< -]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++++++++++++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>> >>>>++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[ -[>>+<<-]>>]>-<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-]>>>>>[-]<<[-]< <[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[ -<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[- <+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]+++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-< <<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+>>[-]+++++<<[->><->[-<+>]<[ ->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-] >>>>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<- ]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+ <<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[- <<<+>>>][-]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+>>[-]+++++<<[-> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>-<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-] <[-]]><<<[-]>>>>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]> >]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-] +<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+ <]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ <<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-]><<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>> >]>>[-]+++++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[ +<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+ <>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+< ]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++++++++++++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++++++< <[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[> >+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]< -[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<- [+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>.[-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-]>>>>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[ ->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[- >+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<] ><[-]+>[<[-]>,<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+++++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+> ]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<< ]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<] +>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++++++++++++[->>>>>> >++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>>><-> [-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>> +<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-]>>>>>[ -]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+ >>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[ ->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>> >][-]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+> [<[-]>[-]<<<[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+++++<<[-]<<[ -]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-< +>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+ >]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++++++ ++++++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+ <<<<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-] +<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+< <]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<< [->>>-<<<]>>><[-]+>[<[-]>>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>> [-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>> ]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>] >+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[ -<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<> >+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>> +<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[-> >>>+<<<<]>>>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[-> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]+>>[-]++<<[->>< ->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]+> >[-]++++<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><- >[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]>>[-]+++<<>><->[-< +>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<< ]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]>>[-]++++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<> >+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[> >+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>> +<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[[-]+>>[-]+<<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+> >[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<<<[-]>>><<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+<<[- ]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><- >[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><-> [-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<++ +[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>> [-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>> <->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->>< ->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][- ]++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[- ]>[-]+>>[-]+++<<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+< ][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[-]>>><<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]< <[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[ -<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[- <+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<+++[ ->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[- ]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><- >[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><-> [-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]+ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[- ]><<<[-]>>>>>[-]+++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>> ]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+ <<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+< ]<[->+<]>[-<<<+>>>][-]<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+<]><[-]+>[<[-] >[-]>>[-]++++<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[ ->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[ -]+>>[-]+++<<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>-<-[+<<-]+<][- ]<[-]]>[-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]>>>[-]++++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+< >>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[ >>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[> >+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>][-]<[-]]>[-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]<[-]]><<<[- ]>>>>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<< -]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>> +<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>[ -<<<+>>>][-]+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[->>>-<<<]>>[-]+>[<->[-]]<[->+ <]><[-]+>[<[-]>[-]+>>[-]++<<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>] >-<-[+<<-]+<]<<<<[-]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]++<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[- >+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>> [-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[ -[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]++++++<<[->>+<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<< ]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<< +>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>> [->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]+< <>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<-]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[ ->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]>]<[[-]>[-]+>>[-]+<<[-> ><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]<[-]]><<<<[-]>> >>[-<<<<+>>>>]>>[-]+<<[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]> >]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-] +<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+ <]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<<<<<<+++[->>>>>>>++++++++++++<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>++<<[->> +<<]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<]>>>>[-]<<[-]>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<- ]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<< -]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<- ]+<]<[->+<]>>>[-]<<>><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-]<-[+<<- ]+<[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<][-]+++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<[-]>>>[-<<<+>>>]>>[-]<<[-]<<[-]>>>><-> [-<+>]<[->+<>>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>[-<-[+<<-]+<<<+>>>><->[-<+>]<[->+< >>+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>]<-[+<<-]+<<<[->+<>>+<<]>>[->><->[-<+>]<[->+<> >+<<]+>>[-[>>+<<-]>>]>+<-[+<<-]+<]<[->+<]><<<[->>>-<<<]>>>]
Acknowledgments
I have to thank Michael Haupt for inspiring me to examine COLA and to write this language implementation. Additional thanks go to Ian Piumarta for implementing the Jolt2 implementation of COLA.
